Glossary

Properties that prevent the movement of water through the material.

The most seaward and immature dune of the dune system. Vegetation characterized by grasses. On an accreting coastline, the incipient dune will develop into a foredune.

A stream that through degradation has cut its channel into the bed of the valley.

The downward entry of water into the soil.

Plants and their residues help to maintain soil porosity and permeability, thereby delaying onset of runoff.

Areas of shelter in a stream channel that provide aquatic organisms protection from predators or competitors or solar heating. A place in which to rest and conserve energy due to a localized reduction in the force of the current.

Foliage and plant residues absorb rainfall energy and prevent soil detachment by raindrop splash.

A watercourse that flows only at certain times of the year, receiving water from springs or surface sources; also, a watercourse that does not flow continuously, when water losses from evaporation or seepage exceed available stream flow.